Using the semiclassical condition, , connections between the
coefficients and
can be established. Using the
formula
for the first
for the second
one, with
determined by (5), we have
and a similar equation for ,
changing the signs before
.
Then one can show that the connections are:
and similarly for ,
changing
and
.
The equations (9) work well for low-energy modes.
For example, the arrows for in
Fig. 2a, b, are perpendicular to those for
; in different sublattices they are
antiparallel for the mode with
(Fig.
2a), and parallel for the
mode (Fig.
2b). For the case
(e.g., Fig.
2c), the ratio
[Eq. (7)] can take
the values
, and degenerate pairs of modes (
)
combine to form linear combinations with structure
.